Casing head



July 12,1932. F, L, vom 'Y 1,867,093v

' CASING HEAD Filed April 29. 1930 Patented July 12, 1932 FELIX LUCAS rrvoro, or BEAUMONT, frEXns l,

' i CASING- HEAD Application filed `April ze,

, This invention relates 'to casing heads designed to be used after a well has been drilled and is either flowing or being pumped. `Af- Y ter a well has been drilled, it is customary to use a small sized pipe in .order to bring the oil to the-surface and to reduce the volume of oil so brought. rIhe lower end of this pipe or tubing is set on the upper end of the strainer that has been previously set in the bottom of the well in the oil sand, and the upper end of the tubing is brought up to the, derrick floor and connected either to what is known as a Christmas tree in the case of a flowing well or connected to the stuffing box of a I5 pumping unit. In malnng these connections,

a short piece of pipe known as a space ynipple is used and the length of this nipple cannot be determined until the tubing hasbeen set and the strain` taken out ofthe tubing.

'2,9 Each joint used to make up this string is from twenty to twenty-five feet long and the whole string may be `anywhere from one thousand to five thousand feet long. Under these circumstances, it is a diiiicult matter to make the pipe come to thevexact height to suit the connections without cutting off or adding to the pipe.

One of the objects of this present invention isto provide a body adapted tozbe connected to the casing ofthe well and provide an adjustable nipple adapted to be engaged at its lower end with the pipe in the well which extends up through this body, this nipplebeing adjustable up or down by means of a nut 5 bearing aaginst the body so that by adjusting the nut on the space nipple,sl'acl; in the tubing canbe let out or taken in as desired or the tubing can be raised or lowered.

A further obj ect is to provide an adjusting nut forming a seal, which adjusting nut is se# cured upon the nipple so that any oil or gas that may escape around the side of the tubing through a faulty seat on top of the screen, for 4.5 instance, will be sealed o' and forced out 1930. semi No. 448,379;

through the connection onthe side of the casing headbody. y l

A `further object `isito provide means for preventing any escape of oil or gas around the threads on the nipple and tothis, end disposing a stuffing box and gland sorewable ony to the nipple and fitting into the top of the coveroradjusting nut. Y y

A further obj ect is to providemeans whereby the well may be sealed instantly as in the case of-strong gas pressure where a quick seal may be required in order to lessen the danger a strong gas pressure is of a blow-out where experienced.

A further object is to provide means whereof the casing headiand tubing slips of any desired kind may be used. f

Other objects will appear inthe course `of the following description. j

My invention', is illustrated in the laccompanying drawing, wherein j i j Figure l is a longitudinal sectional;V view througha casing head constructed in accordance with my invention; Y e

Figure 2 is a top plan view thereof; Figure 3- isa fragmental cross section showing the slip bowlin place in the 'upper end of thecasing head. l

wells ,having1-- a bore extending` entirely through the body, the lower end of the body having interior screw-threa`ds 11 and` above these screw-threads the Vbore extending -out-V ward and upward as at l12. At the lower end of this upwardly extending portion'12Y of theV bore, there iis a lateral screw-threaded passage ljandv above the upwardly extending Referring tothe accompanying drawing, V10 represents an .ordinary casing head' or y Vbody such as commonly used on oiland gas .50 by a tubing slipbowl canlbe tted inthe top The lower Vend of the combination cover, adjusting nut and stuffing boX is tapered as at 16 to fit within the tapering portion 12 of the bore. Above this taper 16, it is screwthreaded at 17 to engage the screw-threads 14. Above this, there is an outwardly projecting flange. 18 and then the casing head cover extends straight upward as at 19 and has a uniform external diameter somewhat larger than the internal diameter of the lower portion of the bore.

The lower portion of the ybore below the lange18 is interiorly screw-threaded as at 20. Between the screw-threaded portion 12 and the portion'19 having a uniformV diam-y eter, 'there is an inclined packing seat 21.'.

Adapted to coact with the casinghead. cover and head cover and adjusting nut 15, there is a stuffing boX gland designated generally 22. The lower portion of this gland lis rel duced in diameter so as to fit within the porof the well.

tion 19 of the casing head coverA and atfits lower end it is provided with the packing seat 23. VThe interior of the stufling box gland is Vscrew-threaded as at 24 and has a diameter equal to thediameter of the screw-threaded portion 20 of the Velement 15. p

Coacting with the screw-threads 20 and` 24 is an adjustable spaceV nipple or tubing body designated generally 25. The upper yend of the nipple is threaded as at 26 for the Vstuffing boX of the usual Vpolish'rod orfor the lChristmas tree and the lower endY at 27 is threaded vfor connection with the tubing 'there is an unscrew-threaded or blank por- `sections as illustrated'in Figure 2, these sections being hingedly connected to each other tion 4V28 and Vbelow this blank portion 28 the nipple is screw-threaded as at 29 to fit the I'threads 20 ofthe casing head and the threads 24 of the stuffing Vbox gland. The unscrewthreaded portion 28 of the nipple is designed for engagement Vby Vthe usual elevators and tongs.

, threads 14. The interior of the slip bowl is downwardly and centrally tapered. `This slip bowl furnishes a table or rest for the tubing slips and is adapted to be used with any ordinary tubing slips. l A

`The slip bowl is preferably formed in two `vby the plates 33 andthe pintles 34. VVh-en the 'stuffing box gland is to be used, packing 35 'isdisposed vbetween the seats 21 and 23 so as to' force down tightly and inward against the screw-threads v29 of the nipple `25. I

Itwill be 'seen that this casing head is eX- tremely simple and has butvfew parts.. It

can be used as a packing head by threading Below 'the screw-threads 26- the lower end of the casingV head bodyY eX teriorly to engage a surface casing or it can be used in connection with the ordinary packing head by utilizing the threads 11 for engagement with whatever sized liner is used to set the screen. The upper end of the cas-v ing head 10 is so formed that in pulling tubing the tubular slip bowl 30 can be fitted in seal'which can be'made instantly as in the case of vstrong gas pressure where the seal By turning theA adjust-k iing nut two or three turns, the seal is made.

is desired quickly.

Furthermore by rotating this element 15 in onefdirection or the other, the nipple 25 may ybe raised orlowered, thus eliminating the necessity of taking accurate measurements and cutting a short nipple for making the top connection. It also lessens the danger of a blow-out where strong gas pressure is eX-` perienced, while taking measurements and waiting fora short space nipple to be cut to part desired. The upper end of the cover, as previously stated is bored out to form a stu'flingbox so that thepacking 35 may be used to seal offany possible leakage lpast the threads of the nipple.

It will be understood that the lower end of thev casing head 10 is connected to whatever sizedvcasing has been set in the well. The tubing comes upthrough this casing from the bottom of the well to or through the casing head body 10 and is connected to the nipple 25. The casing headv cover'and ad-`v justing nut 15 screws on the `adjusting space Vnipple and by adjusting this nut up or down on the space nipple, slack in the tubing can be let vout or taken up as desired or the tubing can be raised or lowered; When all of the desired slack has beentaken out of the tubing, the cover or adjusting nut is then screwed into the top of the casing head body and Y forms la seal so that any oil or gas that may be escaping around the side of the tubing through a faulty seat on top of the screen, willbe sealed off and forced out through the connection 13 on the side ofthe casing head.

The stufling boxgland 23 prevents anyv leakage whatsoever through the casing head.

I claim y j 1. A lcasing headcomprising a casing head 'body threaded at its lower end and at its upper end, an eXteriorly threaded nipple lpassing entirely through the casing head body and less in diameter than the interior diameter of the casing head body, a casing head cover and nut having threaded engagement with the upper end of the-body andinteriorly nut having an upwardly extending annular portion greater in interior diameter than the exterior diameter'of the nipple, a gland having threaded engagement with the nipple and bearing upon the upper end of the annular portion of the nut and having a portion ex-` tending downward into the annular portion, and packing disposed between the lower end of the gland and the upper end of the screwthreaded portion of the nut.

2. A easing head comprising a casing head body threaded at its lower end and above the threaded lower end extending upward and outward, and then expanded in interior diameter, this expanded portion being interiorly screw-threaded, an exteriorly threaded nipple passing entirely through the easing head and body and less in diameter than the internal dia-meter of any portion of the casing head body, and a nut having threaded engagement with the nipple, the nut having a flange at its upper end adapted to bear against the upper end of the casing head body below said flange having an exteriorly downwardly tapered threaded portion terminating in a shoulder and below this shoulder being downwardly tapered to fit the surface of the upwardly flaring portion of the casing head body.

3. A casing head comprising a casing head body threaded at its lower end and above theV threaded lower end extending upward and outward, and then expanded in interior diameter, this expanded portion being interiorly screw-threaded, an interiorly threaded nipple passing entirely through the easing head and body and less in diameter than the internal diameter of any portion of the casing head body, and a nut having threaded engagement with the nipple, the nut having a flange at its upper end adapted to bear against the upper end of the casing head body below said flange having an exteriorly downwardly tapered threaded portion terminating in a shoulder and below this shoulder being downwardly tapered to t the surface of the upwardly flaring portion of the casing head body, said nut above the flange being formed with an upwardly extending annular Y portion greater in interior diameter than thev exterior diameter of the nipple and adapted to contain packing and an interiorly screwthreaded gland adapted to have threaded engagement with the nipple and bearing against the upper end of the annular portion.

4. A casing head comprising a casing head body, threaded at its lower end and at its upper end, an exteriorly threaded nipple passing entirely through the casing head body and less in diameter than the interior diameter of the casing head body, an interiorly screw-threaded cover and adjusting nut adapted to fit within the casing head and exteriorly threaded to t the threads of the upper end of the casing head and having a gland fitting within the upwardly extending portion of the nut and cover, said nipple being of uniform diameter and having threaded engagement with the cover and nut and with said gland, the nipple being exterior-lyscrew-threaded at its upper and lower ends.

In testimony whereof I hereunto affix my signature. i

FELIX LUCAS PIVOTO.

lll 

